Golf Course Performance Standards (B) 
3) Bare (and decaying-dead) area. 4) Width of any individual unrepaired bare area. 5) Desirable grass coverage. 6) Undesirable grasses. 7) Sward height. 8) Root depth, and root density.
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Golf Course Performance Standards (C)
9) Thatch depth. 10) Surface evenness. 11) Weed content. 12) Earthworm surface casting.
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Golf Course Performance Standards (D)
13) Infiltration rate. 14) Fine particles (i.e. <0.125mm). 15) Soil pH. 16) Nutrient levels.
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Golf Course Performance Standards (E)
17) Pest damage. 18) Disease. 19) Surface colour. 20) Appearance due to cleanness of cut. 21) Surface debris.
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Golf Course Playing Surfaces
Golf greens should have a firm and smooth surface, which allows a golf ball to be putt and travel in the intended direction without deviation from minor surface disturbances. The green will drain well, without puddles being able to form during normal amounts of rainfall. The grass coverage should be uniform, not patchy, dense, mostly free of fine-leaved weeds and free of broad-leaved weeds, and without significant signs of pest or disease attack. Ideally the surface will be blemish free, but minor blemishes on the green from pests or disease attacks should be expected as part of a natural cycl
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Golf Course Practice Putting Green
This should be maintained to the same standard of the greens on the course.
A putting green helps golfers’ ‘warm-up’ for and ‘cool-down’ from, a round of golf and should therefore provide the same playing characteristics as the main greens so as to help golfers develop and improve their skills.
This green might have a variable number of holes cut at different times of the year. During the winter period it might be sensible to have a greater space between holes to help spread wear which cannot easily recover during this low to no growth period, with 6 to 9 holes being typical.
During
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Golf Course Size
Every golf course will be slightly different, but a ‘typical’ standard 18-hole might consist of 14 Par 4s and Par5s, with 4 Par 3s.
The size of features on any course can also vary significantly and this will influence the maintenance inputs, but for illustrative purposes, the 'typical' golf course is estimated as follows:
• Total area: 500,000m² (50 hectares / 123½ acres):
• Greens, including practice green/s: total size 10,000m² (2½ acres).
• Tees: 6,500m² [∼30% for winter tees / ∼70% summer tees] (1½ acres).
&
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Golf Course Standards for Rough Areas
There will be more variability as to what might be decided to be included within initial performance measures, but the following can act as suitable guides: grass height; surface evenness to address holes and irregularities such as rabbit scrapes, which can be a foot / trip hazard; vegetative cover, which might also include wild flowers as well as heather; percentage of scrub encroachment, especially in a rough, which could be included to aid monitoring any increasing trend which would indicate that action would need to be taken to limit any further encroachment.
A semi-rough would typical
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Golf Course Summary of Total Hours
Greens: 2,349,5 - 3,0325.
Tees: 929 - 1,169.
Fairways: 1,520 - 2,616.
Semi-rough: 160 - 230.
Bunkers: 1,004 - 1,652.
Total: 5,962.5 - 8,699.5
The number of greenkeepers required to manage a golf course in line with the above requirements (excluding other areas where figures haven’t been indicated, e.g. deep rough, etc.) will, using the following assumptions, be in the region of 5 to 7, excluding the Course Manager; the amount of time available for this person to assist with greenkeeping tasks will vary depending upon exact job responsibilities. Courses with elite expec
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Golf Course: Managing Performance Standards
A fundamental requirement in the use of performance standards is to manage a golf surface holistically.
It is important to understand the impact and influence changes to maintenance practices can have on the individual standards and how these might also influence, negatively or positively, the parameters of other standards. Cherry picking standards to measure and assess to arrive at an overall quality rating much higher than is representative on the ground is just cheating yourself and others and does not lead to the effective management of a golf course and builds-up prob
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