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A dye which is added to a pesticide solution in a spray tank to help show where a pesticide has been sprayed, aiming to reduce misapplication and increase efficiency of the spraying operation.

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The total volume of a mixture used for spraying, which is the amount of the pesticide concentrate and the amount of water for the area being sprayed.

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A plant organ, such as a stolon or rhizome, which is planted in a prepared seed bed to help establish a new sward. The use of sprigs is common for the vegetative establishment of many warm season grasses.

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A measure of the variation, or variability, in data relative to the mean value of the data. It identifies how far some values might be from the mean of the data set. This method helps to locate values within a normal distribution (also called the empirical rule with 3 standard deviations of the mean), with this being as follows: • 68.27% of values would be within 1 standard deviation of the mean. • 95.45% of values would be within 2 standard deviations of the mean. • 99.73% of values would be within 3 standard deviation of the mean. M. W. Toews, CC BY 2.5 via Wikimedia Commons, https:

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Divide the area into sub-areas, as either regular (such as squares) or irregular shapes based on the population/s being present. The use of an irregular shape might be where there are noticeable variations in vegetation within the defined area, e.g. The sample points are selected at random, with the same number of points within each sub-area.

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Something that causes stress to an organism. Typically, a stressor will be abiotic, anthropogenic, or biotic.

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The cell fluid within a chloroplast which surround the grana.

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This is where there is a slight difference within a species, in the form and structure of a plant, and this gives rise to a sub-species. Sub-species can interbreed with other sub-species within their species classification. The term is often abbreviated to ssp. or subsp.

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A plant sugar, which is a carbohydrate. It is formed in leaves during photosynthesis. Sucrose is water soluble and can be transported via the phloem to other regions, e.g. root, stolon, rhizome, leaf. Sucrose is broken down to fructose and glucose, being used as an energy source. It is an ideal form in which to transfer stored energy around a plant ready to be broken down when required for use.

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The roles and responsibilities of people and organisations will vary depending upon who is actually involved in a field survey. However, some useful guidelines can be provided for a range of interested parties. (a) Field Worker/Researcher This is the person who will undertake the survey and will be involved in survey design, data collection, recording of data and the writing up of a report, or presenting the findings in a way that can be communicated effectively. (b) Client / Developer / Operator This is the person or organisation who is requesting the survey. The client will set a bri

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