Shockpad 
An artificial layer which is laid on a base layer and beneath a carpet to help reduce the hardness of artificial surfaces, extend the life of a carpet and also to provide a more consistent playing experience. There are different types of shockpad: Integral Pad; Roll-out Pad; Modular pad; Dimple pad; In-situ Pad.
Short-Pile Carpet
A relative term depending upon the sport the carpet has been designed for, but typically this might be 10mm ¯ 15mm pile length.
Stabilising Layer
The lower, base, layer in a 3G pitch, which is often composed of sand and which is used to add weight to a carpet to prevent it from moving around. This layer is typically about 15mm in depth, weighing about 12-15kg per m².
Stiffness
A measure of a material or surface's flexibility and ability to retain its shape upon impact from a ball, or other object. A surface which is too stiff, without adequate give, will be too hard and unforgiving to a player, increasing the chance of injuries.
Styrene Butadiene Rubber
A manufactured material that is recycled rubber granules from vehicle tyres. It is mostly black but can be coloured with a green tint. It is frequently referred to by its acronym of SBR.
Synthetic Surface
An artificial surface of plastic or rubber origin, both of which are products of the petro-chemical industry. A synthetic surface will usually mean a surface which has artificial grass as the synthetic carpet, and which can be used for a wide range of sports. The carpets might be manufactured by being woven, knitted, or tufted; with fibres in the carpet being either monofilament, fibrillated, or a mixture of the two. Synthetic surfaces are classed as either 2G, 3G, or 4G.
Synthetic Turf Degradation
Over time and with usage and wear from maintenance activities the synthetic carpet will begin to degrade. This will typically take the form of defibrillation; detachment from carpet backing; filament breakage; filament thinning; filament collapse; compaction; infill contamination; surface ponding; slow drainage; inconsistent infill depth; loss of infill from the pitch; seam separation; or adhesive degradation along seams.
Synthetic Turf Surface
An artificial carpet aiming to imitate the look of a natural grass surface.
TEST 55
Thermo Plastic Elastomer
A rubber granule which is available in several colours. The material is more durable than recycled rubber crumb, longer lasting and is said to be fully recyclable and reusable as infill when a pitch is replaced. It is often referred to by its acronym of TPE.