Anthracnose 
A turfgrass disease with two forms: Either Foliar blight, or the more common, Basal rot. It is a relatively common turfgrass disease, especially of annual meadow grass; but also, of creeping bent or perennial ryegrass which can both be affected by foliar blight. However, in these other species it mostly causes a thinning of the sward, with darker lower leaves and yellowy light brown upper leaves and is usually of only minor consideration. Turf is particularly susceptible in conditions that are compacted, nutrient poor, dry (especially during drought situations), and stressed from regular close
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Autumn Rust
An old-fashioned name from the early to mid 1900s for Red Thread disease.
Azoxystrobin
An active ingredient of a systemic fungicide, being in the chemical group strobilurin.
Blight
The infection and death of seedlings once they have germinated, yet the first seed leaf has not emerged from the seed (also known as pre-emergence damping off) or following leaf appearance and the leaf then collapses and dies, also being known as post-emergence damping off. There are a range of causal fungi, especially Fusarium and Pythium species.
Brown Patch [2]
A disease: The scientific name of the disease being Rhizoctonia solani. It is not common in the UK because it is only particularly active at constant warmer temperatures than typically experienced: averaging 27˚C during the day and 20˚C overnight, along with humid conditions. Affected turf will be circular in appearance, with a light brown colour and up to about 150mm in diameter.
Maintaining a free draining rootzone with a dry surface, with minimal thatch and suitable, but not high, applications of nitrogen are given to maintain sward health will help to reduce the likelihood of this disea
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Curvularia Leaf Blight
A fungal disease of warm-season turfgrasses, especially Zoysia Grasses.
Damping Off Disease
This can be either Pre-emergence Damping Off or Post-emergence Damping Off.
Disease
The damage caused to, or the weakening of, a plant which affects its normal growth. A disease results from an infection by a causative agent. Typically, this is a fungal organism, but a cause may also be bacterial, a virus or due to action of a nematode.
Disease Cycle
A sequence of events leading to a disease attack. This is typically:
1. Inoculation of the plant by spores or mycelium;
2. Pre-penetration which involves germination of spores;
3. Penetration into the plant by way of damaged tissues or cells (for example due to a poorly set mower), openings such as stomata, or direct penetration into plant cells;
4. Infection is where pathogens are actively attacking a plant, in particular they are using the plant cells as food and energy resources for their growth;
5. Dissemination or spread of the pathogen, which may be through moisture such as dew
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Disease Tolerance
The ability of a plant to maintain adequate plant health whilst being infected by a disease. The degree of tolerance will be related to the current health and stress of a plant, the species and cultivars present, as well as how ideal the environmental conditions are for the disease which is attacking the plant. Disease tolerance may range from strong, whereby the harm caused to a plant is minimal and mostly superficial, to mild whereby noticeable damage can be done to a turf sward, but this may still not impact to extensively on playing quality, to poor tolerance, whereby a plant will only be
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