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1. The process of Ammonification; 2. The combined processes of Nitrification and Ammonification. It is therefore important to clarify the extent of the process being discussed when referring to mineralisation.

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The main change stage of a cell-division cycle in which a cell is divided into two new but genetically identical cells, each containing the same number of chromosomes. The process of mitosis is carried out in four main stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and finally telophase. The other stages of the cell-division cycle are the initial interphase and the final phase of division called cytokinesis, which usually occurs during the telophase stage, separating the two split nuclei into the two new cells.

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A simplified representation of reality to help understand the impact changes in variables might have on predetermined outcomes. Modelling different turf management scenarios can be helpful in explaining the impact maintenance activities, ground conditions, the weather, usage patterns and the skill and knowledge of groundskeepers can have on the condition and playability of a sports turf surface. This can then be related to costs, carrying capacity and quality.

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The way in which pesticides can act in controlling their target organism. There are at least four main modes of action, and variations on these:

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A group of two or more atoms, for example Water which is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

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A kingdom of organisms with single cells, which do not contain a nucleus: These are called prokaryotic cells. Examples include bacteria.

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The name for one of the two former groups (the other being Dicotyledon) into which Angiosperms were categorized. Monocotyledons are now one of several groups within the Angiosperm Clade (group). These are plants with embryos that have one cotyledon (hence 'mono') and typically have the following characteristics: • They are mostly herbaceous plants (they lack secondary thickening). • The floral parts are grouped in 3s. • They have a fibrous root system, developing further from adventitious roots. • The vascular bundles are scattered irregularly throughout the root a

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The growing of a single species, with one or more cultivars, on an area.

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A plant that has male and female flowers on the same plant. The flowers may be either bisexual (as in grasses) where an inflorescence has spikelets containing both male and female organs, either in the same or separate florets. However, some can be unisexual with separate male and female inflorescences (e.g. Maize, Zea mays). The majority of plants are monoecious and other examples include: Silver Birch (Betula pendula), Beech (Fagus sylvatica) and Oaks (Quercus sp.).

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See monoculture.