Five Practices of Exemplary Leadership

Kouzes and Posner (The Leadership Challenge, 6th Edn, 2017) identify five practices, or behaviours, that are needed for someone to be considered an exemplary leader, by making something extraordinary happen: This is someone who others will willingly and enthusiastically follow. The five practices are:
1. Model the way. State clear goals, express and share values, and establish standards of behaviour. Provide opportunities for continual improvement.
2. Inspire a shared vision. Provide a vision that offers a positive outcome and which others can readily align with.
3. Challenge the process. Question and challenge current practices and processes, aiming to continually improve.
4. Enable others to act. Create a trusting and empowering environment.
5. Encourage the heart. Show empathy to others, caring for the welfare and interests of others.