Bottom-dressing

The application of a bulky material which is applied to a turf surface that has been solid-tine or hollow-tine spiked and is then well brushed or worked by other means into the tine holes. This is a variation of top-dressing with the focus on ensuring the applied material is almost totally worked into the soil profile, rather than either the sward surface or the sward surface and tine holes, which is typical of just the top-dressing activity. The term can also be referred to as soil profile dressing.